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While Loop in C with Example

While Loop in C with Example

 Program Abstraction:   This C programming tutorial explains the working of While loop with the help of examples.
            We heard the term ‘loop’ in previous lesson. What is a loop? Generally a loop is a set of statements which repeat according to our loop condition. There are many types of loops like while, do while etc. From among many loops, while loop is the simplest loop.

What is while loop?

As the name indicate, while loop works while the condition is hold. ‘While loop’ contains a condition and a body of the loop. Whenever the condition holds, then the body of the loop works.

General form of the while loop:

While (condition)
  {
    Body of the loop;   
  }

Let us learn more with an example:

  • Program to print first 10 numbers using while loop:
 #include<stdio.h>
 #include <conio.h>    
 int main()
 {
  int n=1;
  while(n<=10)
   {
     printf(“%dn”,n);
     n = n+1;
   }
   getch();
  }

Code Explanation:

int n=1;
=>   n declared and its value is 1.

while(n<=10)

This check the value of n is less than or equal to 10, here value of n is 1 [the condition while(1<=10) is correct], so body of while loop works. That is, display the value of n [ print 1 ].

n = n+1;

Here, the value of n is incremented by 1. We already leaned the increment operator earlier. Now the value of n is 2. Note that, we can use n++ instead of n = n+1.

Now again check this condition: while(n<=10)

Here the value of n is 2, that is also hold the while loop condition (less than or equal to 10). So again print the value of n, ie 2.

This process continues.A

If the value of n become 10,

While (n<=10) condition will hold and print the number 10 and n incremented to 11. Now again check the condition n<=10, but here the value of n is 11, so this condition does not hold and compiler execute next statement after the loop(out of loop).

working of while loop in C

Here we printed numbers from 1 to 10 successfully.
Sample output:

diplay first 10 number in C

 

If we want to print numbers up to 50, then what will be the while condition?

  while (n<=10)

  • If we want to print numbers from 20 to 60, then what changes will occur?
    Here n should be initialized to 20 and condition check up to 60.      n = 20;      while(n<=60)

Another program:

  • Program to print even number in between 100 and 150
 #include<stdio.h>
 #include <conio.h>     
 int main()
 {
   int n=100;
   while(n<=150)
    {
     printf(“%dn”,n);
     n = n+2;
    }
  getch();
 }

Here n is declared as 100. Then ‘while loop’ check the value of n is less than or equal to 150. Here n is 100 and is less than 150. so printf displays the value of n, is 100.

n = n+2;  n is incremented by 2. In here, incrementing by 2 skips the odd number 101.

Again check the condition, here the value of n is 102 and is less than 150. So again display the value of n. This process continues until its value becomes greater than 150.

Sample output:

even number between 100 and 150

 

  • To display odd number in between 100 and 150, what changes should do?

Only one change, declare n as 101. ie, int n = 101;

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